A Warm Big Bang Theory (WBBT)
By Murry W Rhodes © 2023
The Cold Big Bang singularity was too cold.
The Hot Big Bang singularity is too hot.
The Warm Big Bang sequence is not.
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Neutrons decay to produce the proton state of its mass and its counter charge partition, the electron. These are the stator and rotor mechanisms that make the electromagnetic spectrum and nearly all the resistance and thermal energy of a physical universe.
Energy was cold and dark before thermal energy existed.
E = mc^2 => M = e/v^2
If Free neutrons materialised out of cold dark energy suspended in the fabric of space then the natural physical sequence includes gravity gradients and gradual accumulation of mass properties that transform into electromagnetic radiations of thermal energy. We might find a sequence where gravitation provides the energy for cold fusion and the emergence of primordial element nuclide symmetries. A progression that looks like this. Fn = Free neutron.
Emergence of primordial elements and their isotopes.
Fn->1H->Hp,Hd,Ht->He3,He4->Li6,Li7->???
Fn formation sequence collated by density (Lowest to Highest).
1H->Hp,Hd,Ht->He3,He4->Li7,Li6-> Fn (Core)
A system with a decaying neutron core thermally regulated by hydrogen and helium convecting until lithium six precipitates and collates a shell around the core. The shell insulates it so it gradually heats up to at least 450 degrees K. The melting point of lithium. It breaches and exposed liquid H & He at around 15 Degrees K to the 450 degrees K.
State function thresholds of liquid H & He increase the kinetic energy at the breach and the lithium six nuclide ejects a neutron starting an N-N thermonuclear disintegration of the shell with a shock wave where at least 50% kinetic energy propagates into the dense core constructively interfering and observing the square of distance and cube of volume laws and produces a WBB and at least 2-3 thermal peaks of a CMBR.
Warm Big Bang Theory (WBBT)
By Murry W Rhodes © 2023
( How do neutrons materialise out of cold, dark energy? see below. )
The theory of the origin of natural physical universes.
This NOT a singularity but a natural sequence of energy transformations.
Legend
P1. Cover
P2. Disclosure statement & Citing Style.
P3. Abstract - The Cold, The Hot, and the Warm Big Bang. For new PHDs, Innovations,
inventions and funding projects.
Introduction - The cold one was too cold. The hot one is too hot.
The warm one could be just right.
P4. - P10 Main body
- A/ One page summary of the two Flaws.
- Missing the first floor -
- The second flaw is by order of the law of emergence. The flaw that breaks the law.
- Solid-Liquid-Gas Functions-of-state were determined by observation and not extrapolations.
& 10^32 Degrees K primordial soup is 10^20 Degrees K too hot.
P5. - B/ The theory of the origin of physical universes. (WBBT)
- From dark-energy-flux to quarks to Free-neutrons
P6. - C/ The Warm Big Bang Theory ( WBBT )
- From dark energy to neutrons, Beta-decay revision & expansion..
P7. - Welcome to the Warm Big Bang. ( Sequence to distribution )
- ( Materials and methods) Free-neutron decay products and gravity
P8. - The process begins
P9. - The Warm Big Bang ( Sequence )
P10. - Distribution - Shells
P11. - Lithium 6 Shell, Final Distribution & (CMBR) Two Peaks+
P12. - Conclusion
P13. - The beginning of the universe is more complex than a 12 page report.
Disclosure statement.
The author is an independent researcher. The interpretations are not influenced by financial, political or religious bias.
Citing style is for general public use to view references for further reading. Bookmark links to published papers, industry articles, wikipedia summaries, and other media. [XX] Topic
Footnotes are marked as **X
Abstract.
The theory of the origin of physical universes is a natural sequence of energy transformations.
It addresses the requirements of early universe theories and blends the Cold Big Bang Theory (CBBT) and the Hot Big Bang Theory (HBBT) with observations of experiments from CERN, LIGO, Caltech, NASA et.al to form a novel perspective of a Warm Big Bang Theory (WBBT).
It removes the main unknowable of the (HBBT) and presents a unique perspective of verified laboratory evidence from highly regarded institutes and testable hypothesis to describe a natural, universal, physical sequence. Being novel it may inspire questions for new PHDs, innovations and inventions to confirm, resolve, refine and exploit.
You may not learn any new science here as it has already been done in many labs. This is just a new perspective and a different practical application of our observations.
References include journal papers, institute media articles and Wikipedia summaries.
[XX] ( See end text Reference list )
Introduction.
We may never know the origin of infinite empty space but we can develop and refine our tools to navigate, predict and exploit the finite physical universes within the one subset of infinite physical universes that materialise and decay. Rain, hail or snow forms, evaporates and forms again.
There have been many early universe theories [34] History of Universe Theories.
The (HBBT) [1] Big Bang, is today’s accepted theory and has endured for around 100 years.
All theories have unknowns. We resolve unknowns and minimise or rationalise the unknowables.
The Big Bang is the best evidence matrix we have. We need to fill in gaps and resolve any flaws.
1920s Georgias Lemaitre presents a theory of a Cold Big Bang. T = Near Zero Degrees K
After Hubble’s and Einstein’s input, it became the Hot Big Bang. T > 10^32 Degrees K
2020s’ New Evidence & perspectives depict a Warm Big Bang. T = Circa 450 Degrees K
[11]Cold Big Bang,
There are flaws in the (HBBT) that suggest changes need to occur to progress beyond the current bottleneck of unknowns and unknowables.
The first flaw is the missing foundation. From time t = 0 up to the first minute or so where it is said: “all science breaks down”. Stuff happened and transformed zero energy to 10^32 Degrees K which is 10^20 Degrees K hotter than anything observed in nature or a lab. Is it unknowable?
The second flaw is a breach of the natural law of emergence in the 10^32 Degree K environment of the Hot Big Bang. What comes first, radiation or the particles, forces and fields that make radiation? An entropy of extreme opposites and a state function of m->E->m. A condition that only satisfies one system of recombination for element formation and the (CMBR).
The (WBBT) presents an alternate pathway to these conditions and predicts others that the (HBBT) cannot.
If you are anything like me you may like to explore this new theory without having the answers readily available. Below are the references used in the summary. This is a teaser sample only so if you want to engage and receive the full summary essay then contact the author. ( See below the reference list for contact details and the DAD form. )
0. References for further reading.
1. 2023 WIKIPEDIA BIG BANG https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang
2. 2023 WIKIPEDIA RELATIVITY https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity
3. 2023 WIKIPEDIA QUANTUM https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics
4. 2012 NATURE 10^12 degrees C https://blogs.nature.com/news/2012/08/hot-stuff-cern-physicists-create-record-breaking-subatomic-soup.html
5. 2023 NASA BLACK HOLES https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/black-holes
6. 2023 WIKIPEDIA STATE FUNCTION https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_function
7. 2023 WIKIPEDIA GOD’s CREATION https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creationism
8. 2023 WIKIPEDIA ANCIENT HELIO https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristarchus_of_Samos
9. 2023 WIKIPEDIA PROTON https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton
10. 2023 WIKIPEDIA ELECTRON https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron
11. 2023 WIKI COLD BIG BANG https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Big_Bang
12. 2000 CMBR in COLD BIG BANG https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/308660
13. 2023 WIKI EDWIN HUBBLE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Hubble
14. 2023 WIKI CMBR https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_microwave_background
15. 2023 WIKI DARK MATTER https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter
16. 2023 WIKI QUARKS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark
17. 2023 WIKIPEDIA FREE neutrons https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_neutron_decay
18. 2023 WIKI DARK ENERGY https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy
19. 2023 WILSON Jack T., Lawrence David J., Peplowski Patrick N., Eke Vincent R., Kegerreis Jacob A. Phys. Rev. C 104, 045501 - Published 13 October 2021 C - Measurement of the free neutron lifetime using the neutron spectrometer on NASA’s lunar prospector mission. , https://journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.104.045501
20. 2021 Whitney C , Caltech 13 October 2021
https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/how-long-does-a-neutron-live
21. 2021 Charmers Ed. Kek tackles neutron lifetime puzzle, 02 July 2021,
https://cerncourier.com/a/kek-tackles-neutron-lifetime-puzzle/
22. 2023 WIKI BETA PARTICLE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_particle
23. 2023 WIKI BETA DECAY https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_decay
24. 2023 WIKI Georgias Lemaitre https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Lema%C3%AEtre
25. 2023 WIKI LITHIUM https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium
26. 2023 WIKI FUSION https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion
27. 2023 WIKI FUSION POWER https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion_power
28. 2023 WIKI NET FUSION INVESTMENT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fusion_experiments
29. 2022 Making matter from light https://www.energy.gov/science/np/articles/making-matter-collisions-light
30. 2012 10^12 HOTTEST TEMP https://www.theverge.com/2012/8/15/3244513/cern-scientist-hottest-man-made-temperature
31. 2023 WIKI EMERGENCE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence
32. 2023 WIKI N-N NUCLEAR EVENT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_chain_reaction
33. 2023 WIKI PERIODIC TABLE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table
34. 2023 WIKI UNI THEORIES https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_cosmological_theories
35. 2023 WIKI CERN https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERN
36. 2023 WIKI LIGO https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIGO
37. 2023 WIKI JAMES WEBB ST https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Webb_Space_Telescope
38. 2023 WIKI LAW CONS of ENERGY https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_of_energy
39. 2023 WIKI HOPF Fibration https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopf_fibration
40. 2023 WIKI GAMMA RADIATION https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray
41. 2023 WIKI BB Nucleosynthesis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang_nucleosynthesis
42. 2020 NASA Lithium in Stars https://www.nasa.gov/feature/lithium-comes-from-exploding-stars
43. 2023 WIKI Castle Bravo Nuke Test https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_Bravo
44. 2023 WIKI State Function TVP https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_function
45. 2023 WIKI Radiation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation
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A Warm Big Bang Theory (WBBT)
By Murry W Rhodes © 2023
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